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・ Sophie Cunningham
・ Sophie d'Arbouville
・ Sophie d'Artois
・ Sophie d'Houdetot
・ Sophie D. Coe
・ Sophie Daguin
・ Sophie Dahl
・ Sophie Darlington
・ Sophie Daumier
・ Sophie Davant
・ Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education
・ Sophie Dawes, Baronne de Feuchères
・ Sophie de Boer
・ Sophie de Caen
・ Sophie de Choiseul-Gouffier
Sophie de Condorcet
・ Sophie de Marbois-Lebrun, Duchess of Plaisance
・ Sophie de Ronchi
・ Sophie de Schaepdrijver
・ Sophie De Wit
・ Sophie Dee
・ Sophie Delaporte
・ Sophie Delezio
・ Sophie Delila
・ Sophie Delmas
・ Sophie Delong
・ Sophie Deraspe
・ Sophie Deroisin
・ Sophie Desmarais
・ Sophie Desmarets


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Sophie de Condorcet : ウィキペディア英語版
Sophie de Condorcet

Sophie de Condorcet (born 1764 in Meulan, died 8 September 1822 in Paris), best known as Madame de Condorcet, was a prominent salon hostess from 1789 to the Reign of Terror, and again from 1799 until her death in 1822. She was the wife, then widow, of the mathematician and philosopher Nicolas de Condorcet, who died during the Reign of Terror. Despite his death, and the exile of her brother Marshal Emmanuel, Marquis de Grouchy between 1815 and 1821, she maintained her own identity and was well-connected and influential before, during, and after the French Revolution.
As a hostess, Madame de Condorcet was popular for her kind heart, beauty, and indifference to a person's class or social origins. Unlike her fellow-Girondist hostess Madame Roland, Madame de Condorcet's salons always included other women, notably Olympe de Gouges. De Condorcet was also a writer and a translator in her own right, highly educated for her day, completely fluent in English and Italian (). She produced influential translations of Thomas Paine and Adam Smith.
==Background==
Born Marie-Louise-Sophie de Grouchy, daughter of Francoise Jacques de Grouchy, 1st Marquis de Grouchy (born 1715, a former page of Louis XV) by his intellectual wife Marie Gilberte Henriette Fréteau de Pény,, daughter of Michel Louis Fréteau de Pény, Seigneur de Vaux-le-Pénil. In 1786 Sophie de Grouchy married the famous mathematician and philosopher Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet (17 September 1743-28–29 March 1794).〔()〕 Then 21 or 22, she was an acknowledged beauty; he was 42 and Inspector-General of the Mint and a prominent French Academician. Although there was a twenty-year age difference, the two shared many intellectual interests, and had a strong and happy marriage.

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